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Children with Special Needs (CWSN) and Learning Disabilities
CWSN refers to children needing additional educational support due to physical, sensory, intellectual or learning-related conditions. RPWD Act 2016 recognises 21 categories of disability (up from 7 under the 1995 Act). Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD) - Dyslexia (reading), Dyscalculia (calculation), Dysgraphia (writing), Dyspraxia (motor coordination) - occur in children of normal intelligence and must not be confused with intellectual disability or laziness. An Individualized Education Plan (IEP) sets goals, strategies and accommodations for each identified child. Multisensory (VAKT) teaching, differentiated instruction, and assistive technology support inclusion, backed by schemes like IEDC, IEDSS, Samagra Shiksha and the RTE Act 2009.
Important topics
- Definition and meaning of Children with Special Needs (CWSN)
- RPWD Act 2016 - expansion of recognised disabilities from 7 to 21 categories
- Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD): Dyslexia, Dyscalculia, Dysgraphia, Dyspraxia
- SLD is unrelated to intelligence - common misconception to avoid
- Individualized Education Plan (IEP) - meaning and components
- Early identification and screening of learning disabilities
- Multisensory (VAKT) teaching approach for children with learning disabilities
- Government schemes for CWSN: IEDC, IEDSS, SSA/Samagra Shiksha, RTE Act 2009