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Human Body: Systems and Functions
Human body systems: Digestive (mouth to large intestine, enzymes: ptyalin, pepsin, trypsin), Circulatory (4-chambered heart, arteries vs veins, RBC/WBC/platelets), Respiratory (lungs, alveoli, gaseous exchange), Nervous (brain — cerebrum/cerebellum/medulla, spinal cord, neuron, reflex action), Skeletal (206 bones, joints), Muscular (voluntary/involuntary), Endocrine (pituitary = master gland, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas), Excretory (kidney, nephron). Remember key numbers: 206 bones, 4 heart chambers, 32 teeth in adults.
Important topics
- Digestive system organs and enzymes (ptyalin, pepsin, trypsin, bile)
- Circulatory system: heart chambers, blood vessels, blood components
- Respiratory system and gaseous exchange in alveoli
- Nervous system: brain parts, neuron structure, reflex action
- Skeletal system: 206 bones, types of joints
- Muscular system: voluntary and involuntary muscles
- Endocrine glands and their hormones
- Excretory system and nephron as functional unit of kidney